
This article is part of our Stay Sharp Series exploring how adults can maintain cognitive agility and emotional resilience throughout life. Here, we examine why learning a musical instrument as an adult feels uniquely challenging, what it reveals about adult learning and how these challenges support long-term brain health and effective leadership.
In this article, we’ll cover:
- Is learning an instrument easy?
- Why learning as an adult IS harder
- The reasons to keep trying
- This Coach’s suggestions of how to get the benefits without such frustration
An article1 in a UK national paper bemoans the difficulty of learning an instrument in later life. In fact, the author found it so difficult that he gave up. But as you might have noticed, it’s not just in later life that learning an instrument is a challenge – ask the kids who often have this inflicted on them by parents!
What Learning Really Involves
The journalist had chosen the piano, an instrument that demands a complex mixture of cognitive, emotional, motor, memory, visual and auditory responses. In other words, it calls on most of the brain.
As a player’s skill increases, piano requires the ability to make small adjustments (as a piece is played) to differentiate an individual’s playing and individually express emotion. It requires all four limbs to work together whilst the brain is both cognitively engaged, and working automatically. Not ‘over thinking’ so cognition doesn’t interfere with the automatic functions. The complexity increases significantly if singing whilst playing, and when playing with and for others. A good description of this complexity is available here. 2
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References
- https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/article/2024/jun/24/why-i-quit-learning-piano-retirement-music ↩︎
- Brown R., Zatorre R.,, Penhune V., Chapter 4 – Expert music performance: cognitive, neural, and developmental bases, Editor(s): Eckart Altenmüller, Stanley Finger, François Boller, Progress in Brain Research, Elsevier, Volume 217,2015, Pages 57-86, ISSN 0079-6123, ISBN 9780444635518, https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2014.11.021.(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079612314000223)https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2014.11.021 This article’s abstract is available for free ↩︎
- The Four Stages of Competence an overview is available at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_stages_of_competence ↩︎
- LeBlanc, Albert (2021) “A Theory of Music Performance Anxiety,” Visions of Research in Music Education:
Vol. 16 , Article 34. PDF download – open access Available at: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/vrme/vol16/iss5/34 ↩︎ - Vuust, P., Heggli, O.A., Friston, K.J. et al. Music in the brain. Nat Rev Neurosci 23, 287–305 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-022-00578-5 ↩︎
- Román-Caballero R, Arnedo M, Triviño M, Lupiáñez J (2018) Musical practice as an enhancer of cognitive function in healthy aging – A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE 13(11): e0207957. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207957:https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0207957 This article reports a meta study and is open access (ie no paywall) ↩︎
- NB: there are lots of good value refurbished instruments for sale on websites, and often some for free on community sites. A 66 or 88 key keyboard is a good place to start piano, it’s often inexpensive, it’s playable with headphones and doesn’t take up a whole room. For drums – go digital and maybe even just a digital drum pad to get started. ↩︎